Environmentally friendly liquid container and method of manufacture

ABSTRACT

A container for liquids comprising a first portion forming an approximate half container portion; a second portion forming an approximate half container portion, the first and second portions having a generally convex exterior shape with flange portions along perimeters thereof; a liquid impermeable barrier film being disposed on a concave interior portion of each of the first and second portions and extending onto the flange portions; the first and second portions being sealed together at the flange portions to form a liquid impermeable container; and there being provided a location on the container for the disposition of a closure device to allow contents of the container, once filled, to be removed.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/139,204 filed Dec. 19, 2008, entitled Environmentally Friendly Liquid Container and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/162,444 filed Mar. 23, 2009, entitled Environmentally Friendly Liquid Container and Method of Manufacture, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to containers and in particular, to an environmentally/ecologically friendly container or bottle for liquids.

Landfills are filled with plastic bottles that may take years to degrade or which are non-biodegradable. This is because many plastics are not recyclable or they are not properly recycled. Many that are recyclable never reach recycling centers. A beverage company would find it desirable to use ecologically safe containers not only because of the ecological benefits in reusing materials, but because it would reinforce their public esteem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an ecologically friendly container that is made of ecologically friendly materials such as forms of paper or bamboo or other ecologically friendly materials and a method of manufacture.

The design of the container addresses the containment of liquids, for example water or other liquids. The product according to the invention challenges the norms of production, shipping, filling, visible material, shelf impression, labeling, multi-packing, structural integrity, opening and resealing of the closure and ultimately its disposition. The package utilizes sustainable sheet stock of bamboo, palm leaves, etc. or other ecologically friendly material that is pressed into two halves to encapsulate a micro-thin PLA film that provides a liquid/oxygen barrier. The formed material provides the form, graphical substrate and/or embellishment surface and structural integrity. In one embodiment, the containers may be shipped partly inverted and pop open upon filling through a fill portal at the base. In another embodiment, the container is filled from a conventional screw cap or other conventional closure device, but which closure device is also made preferably of ecologically friendly materials.

The barrier material also acts as the means to fuse the two container halves together.

In a first embodiment, a top component is torn off to access the liquid. To reseal, the removed component peels apart to expose a sanitary plug that acts as a closure for the container and the remaining part is tethered to a finger loop to eliminate litter. The invention changes the total experience of drinking water or other liquid from the way the container looks, feels and functions to the way it ends its usage.

In a second embodiment, a conventional screw cap is employed, preferably made of the same ecologically friendly material as the container itself, but otherwise the container has similar advantages as the first embodiment.

In one embodiment, the container is filled through a portal at the base which is thereafter removed and sealed. In yet another embodiment, the container is filled with a novel screw cap closure device. The screw cap is preferably made of predominantly ecologically friendly materials.

In one embodiment of the container, the container is made from two body halves and the film barrier comprises two film sheets that are positioned adjacent the respective body halves of the container or through the use of an applied natural liquid barrier material. The entire assembly of the two body halves sandwiching the two barrier films or natural liquid barrier material is then sealed according to the methods described herein.

In another embodiment, a pre-sealed fill pouch made of the barrier material is sandwiched between the two container body halves and then sealed by a suitable sealing method. In this embodiment, since the fill pouch is already sealed, only a light intermittent seal of the two body halves to the film pouch is necessary, although a continuous seal could also be used.

According to one embodiment, the barrier film sections or fill pouch or natural liquid barrier material may be maintained in place during assembly to the container halves by, for example, an electrostatic charge placed on the film or container halves.

In the further embodiment having a screw cap, in order to minimize the content of polymeric material, the screw cap is preferably made of an environmentally friendly material such as paper or another ecological friendly material, a polymer liner or natural liquid barrier material is inserted into the screw cap which includes integral thread bearing portions which are moved into position when the liner is inserted into the screw cap.

A sealed in threaded closure fitment either made of ecologically friendly materials or a polymeric component is also attached and sealed to the barrier film comprising the film pouch contained within the container to seal thereto and includes mating threaded elements to receive the thread bearing components of the liner.

The container according to the present invention is preferably used as a single serve container. An important aspect is that the design of the container enables the self-bundling of multiple containers to negate the use of a separate six-pack carrier. A shipping and merchandiser is also provided that uses an all natural structural board with vertical ends that drastically reduces the material used in palletizing and enables self-merchandising.

Graphical brand communication media can be applied directly to the material, for example, by embossing or direct printing of natural dies and inks or application of labels.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING(S)

The invention will be described in greater detail in the following detailed description with reference to the drawings in which:

FIGS. 1A, B, C and D show a first embodiment and in particular, FIG. 1A shows a sectional view along the lines BB of FIG. 1B; FIG. 1B shows a front, partially phantom view; FIG. 1C shows a left side view; and FIG. 1D shows a perspective view;

FIGS. 2A-2D show a second embodiment in which FIG. 2A shows a sectional view along the lines BB of FIG. 2B; FIG. 2B shows a front partially phantom view; FIG. 2C shows a left side view; and FIG. 2D shows a perspective view;

FIGS. 3A, B and C show perspective views of the first embodiment showing, respectively, how the sealing enclosure is removed, showing how the sealing enclosure is split into two portions and how part of the sealing enclosure can be used to reseal the container and the other part is tethered to the cap;

FIG. 4A shows a six-pack of the first embodiment; FIG. 4B shows the six-pack from another perspective; and FIG. 4C shows the container halves prior to filling;

FIGS. 5A and B show how the six-packs can be shipped and merchandised via a shipper and merchandiser;

FIGS. 6A and B show the first embodiment of the container in a perspective view and plural ones of the container.

FIG. 7A shows a plan view of a variation of the first embodiment of the ecologically friendly container;

FIG. 7B shows a sectional view of the container along line B-B of FIG. 7A;

FIG. 7C shows a perspective view of the container;

FIG. 8A shows the construction method for the container of FIG. 7;

FIG. 8B shows a perspective view of the container of FIG. 8A after assembly;

FIG. 8C shows the container in an inverted position showing the filling tube; and

FIG. 8D shows the inverted container with the filling tube removed and sealed;

FIG. 9A shows a further embodiment of the container;

FIG. 9B shows a sectional view of the container of FIG. 9A along the lines C-C;

FIG. 9C is a perspective view of the container of FIG. 9A;

FIG. 10A shows the construction method for the container of FIG. 9;

FIG. 10B shows the container of FIG. 10A in a perspective view;

FIG. 10C shows the inverted container of FIG. 10B with the filling tube attached;

FIG. 10D shows the inverted container after the filling tube has been attached and the container sealed;

FIG. 11A shows a further embodiment of the container of the invention with a screw cap;

FIG. 11B shows the container of FIG. 11A in a sectional view along lines A-A of FIG. 11A;

FIG. 11C shows the cap for the container together with the liner which is inserted into the cap;

FIG. 11D is an exploded view showing the top of the container showing the sealed in threaded closure fitment and the cap; and

FIG. 11E is a detailed view of the screw cap on the container.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

With reference to the drawings, FIGS. 1A, B, C and D show a first embodiment of the invention. The invention comprises a container 10 that is made of an ecologically sensitive material such as bamboo, palm leaves or another paper product or any other ecologically considerate material. The container 10 comprises two halves, 10A and 10B. A film barrier 12 such as a micro-thin polymer/PLA/foil and/or laminate barrier sheet or another suitable environmentally friendly degradable plastic or other natural liquid barrier material is disposed on each container half on what will be the inside of the container. The two halves are bonded together at a joint 14, preferably by the barrier material 12. A closure device 16 is formed from two portions of the halves 10A and 10B which interlock together at the top of the container. The sealing portion 16 comprises two portions 16A and 16B which interlock as shown. These two portions 16A and 16B are not fused together or are fused together only along the joint 14A where the barrier material is joined. Each container half 10A and 10B includes lateral side surfaces or flanges 10C and 10D which are sealed to each other along the joint line 14 by the barrier film 12. This can be performed by suitable techniques depending on the film that is used such as by employing heat, pressure, radio frequency energy, bondable natural materials, inductive heating or an ecologically sensitive glue. The flanges 10C, 10D are maintained, i.e., not removed, in order to save energy during the manufacturing process and so as not to require a waste collection system, and the flanges increase container holding strength and integrity.

The closure 16 is integrally formed with the sections 10A and 10B and includes a frangible connection 16D. The frangible connection, as will be explained later, allows the sealing portion 16 to be removed by tearing from the container halves 10A and 10B.

Preferably the container 10 includes a base portion 10E that allows the container to stand upright.

FIG. 3 shows how the sealing portion 16 is removed from the container halves 10A and 10B. As shown, sealing portion 16 is removed by applying a force while holding the container. This allows the sealing enclosure 16 to tear away from the container halves 10A and 10B at the frangible connection 16D as shown in FIG. 3A and also rupture the sealing barrier film 12, exposing the contents of the container. Thereafter, the two portions 16A and 16B can be separated from each other. The portion 16B can then be used by inserting the sanitary convex projection 16F (nested in portion 16A) into the opening 16G of the container as shown in FIG. 3C. The other portion 16A can be tethered through a perforated finger loop opening 16H to secure portion 16A to avoid litter. The portion 16B includes a sanitary convex plug portion 16F which plugs into the opening 16G of the container 10. A notched opening 16K is provided in the portion 16A to enable it to be secured via the perforated opening 16H to the container loop 16H.

FIGS. 4A and B show a six-pack embodiment of the container. The containers are connected together along lines 20 which are suitably perforated to allow the containers to be separated from each other. Portions 22 are provided integral with the containers to hold them together in the six-pack. The portions 22 are made of the same materials as the containers and thus are ecologically sensitive and recyclable.

As described above, preferably when the unfilled containers are shipped from the manufacturers, the two halves 10A and 10B are disposed such that the two halves nest as shown as in FIG. 4C either already assembled or separated and then assembled. When the container is filled, the inverted half pops open either in a manufacturing facility or by a consumer at a municipal water source or retail venue kiosk. Turning again to FIG. 1, the container is filled through a port 24 provided at the base of the container which is sealed, preferably with the same barrier material 12 when the container is filled.

FIGS. 5A and B show a combined shipper and merchandiser for the six-pack containers. FIG. 5 shows four six-packs contained in the shipper and merchandiser 30. According to this embodiment, the shipper and merchandiser 30 includes support stanchion portion 31, top 32 and bottom portion 33. The portions 31 and 32 are removed from the bottom portion 33 when it is desired to display the containers at the point of sale, as shown in FIG. 5B.

FIG. 6 shows the unopened container according to the first embodiment in a perspective (6A) and in plural front views (6B). The containers can take various colors, can be embossed as shown and/or labels can be applied. Preferably, the graphical brand communication coincides with the natural properties of the materials used, such as bamboo, for example, by embossing, direct printing of natural dies and inks or alternatively, with the application of applied labels. With respect to the shipper and merchandiser 30, as shown in FIG. 5, the shipper/merchandising components can be made of all natural structural board that reduces the material used in palletizing through the creation of vertical support stanchions 31. The vertical stanchions 31 snap off to enable self-merchandising as shown in FIG. 5B.

As shown in the six-pack of FIG. 4, the design enables the self-bundling of multiple containers to negate the use of a separate six-pack carrier.

As described, the embodiment in FIG. 1 is filled through a bottom port and has a novel sealing enclosure 16.

FIG. 2 shows an alternate container 40 similar to the first design in that it is made of two halves 40A and 40B with a barrier film 42 that enables the two halves to be sealed along the joint line 44. However, the embodiment as shown in FIG. 2 employs a conventional screw cap closure 46. A polymer liner 47 is employed to provide the requisite seal. Preferably, the screw cap closure 46 is made of an environmentally friendly material and preferably the same material as container halves 40A and 40B.

Turning to FIGS. 7A, B and C, a variation of the first embodiment of the container is shown. The invention comprises a container 10 which is made of an ecologically sensitive material such as bamboo, palm leaf or another paper product or any other ecologically considerate material. The container comprises two halves, 10A and 10B (see FIG. 8A). The container halves are suitably pressed, stamped, molded or otherwise formed out of the material to form a container when joined together. With reference to FIG. 8A, a barrier film pouch 12 comprising, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8A, two halves 12A and 12B is provided for providing a sealed pouch inside the two halves 10A and 10B. The barrier film pouch 12 may be made of a micro-thin polymer/PLA/foil and/or laminate barrier sheet or another suitable environmentally friendly degradable plastic or other natural liquid barrier material.

During assembly, as shown in FIG. 8A, the two film portions 12A and 12B are disposed adjacent the respective container halves 10A,10B. According to one assembly method, the barrier halves 12A and 12B may be adhered to the respective container halves 10A and 10B by an electrostatic charge applied to the barrier film portion or the container portions, or both. Alternatively, an environmentally friendly adhesive can be used or a temporary attachment means can be used.

In order to allow the film to expand to the shape of the container halves, preferably folded in expansion bellows 13 are provided in the film.

Once the portions 10A, 12A, 12B and 10B are positioned as shown and clamped together, a suitable sealing/joining method, for example, RF Welding, induction welding, hot sealing or an adhesive is used to seal the two film barrier halves 12A and 12B to each other and to their respective container half portions 10A and 10B, thereby forming a sealed container as shown in FIG. 8B. The container halves have flat side surfaces 10C and 10D where the sealing/joining is performed.

The two container halves and barrier sealed portions are bonded together along a joint line shown at 14 in FIG. 7A. In a preferable bonding method, the sealing of the barrier film halves to each other also joins the barrier films to the container halves.

A closure device 16 is formed from the two portions of the halves 10A and 10B which interlock together at the top of the container. The sealing portion 16 comprises two portions 16A and 16B which interlock as shown. These two portions 16A and 16B are not required to be fused together. Each container half 10A and 10B includes the lateral side surfaces 10C and 10D which are sealed to each other along the joint line 14 by the barrier film 12. Other techniques for sealing/joining include inductive heating, radio frequency welding, other heat joining techniques or the use of ecologically sensitive adhesives.

The closure 16 is integrally formed with the sections 10A and 10B and includes a frangible connection 16D. The frangible connection allows the sealing portion 16 to be removed by tearing from the container halves 10A and 10B.

The container 10 includes a base portion 10E that allows the container to stand upright.

The container also includes a sealing tube 10F. The sealing tube is comprised of respective portions 10FA and 10FB of the barrier film portions 12A and 12B that are sealed to each other. The container is filled via the fill tube 10F as shown in FIG. 8C. After the container is filled with the liquid, the fill tube 10F is removed and the barrier film portions at the cut off fill tube are sealed by any suitable technique including the techniques described above.

In use, the closure 16 is removed from the container halves 10A and 10B by tearing, allowing the contents to be dispensed. The convex shape of the enclosure 16 can be employed to reseal the container. The shape of the convex portion is designed to snap into the opened container to allow its temporary sealing. Once the contents have been consumed, the closure 16 can be inserted into the opening 10G across the ear 10H attaching it via the hole 10I having a slot 10J so that the container with its closure can be disposed of as a unit.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show yet a further embodiment. In this embodiment, which is similar, the pouch is formed as a pre-sealed pouch 12′ as shown in FIG. 10A. The two halves of the pouch can be pre-sealed by any suitable means including the means discussed with respect to the first embodiment. Folded in expansion bellows 13 may be formed in the pouch to allow for expansion when the fluid is dispensed into the pouch and to allow the pouch to assume the interior shape of the container.

In contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8, since the pouch is pre-sealed during or before the assembly process, the pouch need only be intermittently glued or adhered to the container halves 10A or 10B, as shown by sealing areas 14A in FIG. 9A. Alternatively, a continuous seal like the seal 14 of FIG. 7 can be employed. The container is filled and sealed similarly to the container of FIG. 8 as shown in FIGS. 10C and 10D.

FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention which is applicable to either of the assembly methods shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 10. The embodiment of FIG. 11 employs a more conventional screw-type cap made of unconventional materials, however. The container 10, which is formed in ways similar to the containers of FIGS. 7 to 10, employs a sealed and threaded closure fitment 20 shown in FIG. 11D. This fitment 20 is sealed to the barrier fill pouch 12 to provide a seal. The fitment 20 includes thread-forming components 20A formed along its perimeter. The threaded closure fitment 20 can be made of a polymeric material or alternatively, any other suitable material, preferably a bio-degradable material. A cap 30 preferably formed of paper or other biodegradable material includes a number of indents 32, preferably four, which are provided to trap a liner 40 (see FIG. 11C), which is formed as a spider element with integral thread-forming components 42. The liner 40 may be made of a sealing polymer and preferably of biodegradable material. The liner 40 is pressed into the cap 30, such that the thread forming components 42 are bent at a right angle and captured between the indents 32 to trap the liner in place. The thread-forming components 42 each have a respective projection 42A which form the mating screw components to engage the thread components 20A of the threaded closure fitment 20. This is shown in FIG. 11B and in the detail of FIG. 11E.

Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments thereof, many other variations and modifications and other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore the present invention should be limited not by the specific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims. 

1. A container for liquids comprising: a first portion forming an approximate half container portion; a second portion forming an approximate half container portion, the first and second portions having a generally convex exterior shape with flange portions along perimeters thereof; a liquid impermeable barrier film being disposed on a concave interior portion of each of said first and second portions and extending onto said flange portions; said first and second portions being sealed together at said flange portions to form a liquid impermeable container; and there being provided a location on said container for the disposition of a closure device to allow contents of the container, once filled, to be removed.
 2. The container of claim 1, wherein the barrier films disposed on the flange portions of each of said first and second portions are fused together to seal the portions together.
 3. The container of claim 1, wherein the barrier films comprises separate barrier films that are fused together at the flange portions.
 4. The container of claim 1, wherein the barrier films comprise a pre-sealed fill pouch that fits between the first and second portions.
 5. The container of claim 1, further comprising a filling port in said container for filling said container with a liquid.
 6. The container of claim 5, wherein the filling port is disposed between the two portions at a place between the flanges, and wherein the filling port is sealed after the liquid is filled into the container by fusing the barrier film on each flange portion together.
 7. The container of claim 1, wherein the barrier film comprises a polymer film or a polymer foil laminate or a natural liquid barrier material.
 8. The container of claim 1, wherein the two portions are biodegradable.
 9. The container of claim 1, wherein the two portions are paper or bamboo.
 10. The container of claim 2, wherein the two portions are fused together by heating, radio frequency heating, inductive heating, pressure sealing, using bondable natural materials or an adhesive.
 11. The container of claim 1, wherein the closure device comprises parts of said first and second portions forming a first smaller part of said container joined at portions of said flanges that is frangibly connected to a second larger part of said container, the first smaller part being capable of being torn away from said second larger part to allow dispensing of the contents of said container through the opening thus formed.
 12. The container of claim 11, wherein the two parts of said first and second portions forming the first smaller part of said container are sealed together near the frangible connection but not otherwise sealed together, whereby, after being removed at the frangible connection, they can be separated.
 13. The container of claim 12, wherein the two parts are interlocked together whereby an inner one of the two parts form a convex sanitary plug for the opening.
 14. The container of claim 13, wherein the convex plug is shaped to fit into and seal the opening in the container formed when the smaller portion is removed, for resealing said container as desired.
 15. The container of claim 14, further comprising an opening in said flange for attaching at least one of the first and second parts thereto.
 16. The container of claim 1, wherein the closure device comprises a circular opening having a screw thread for receiving a screw on/off sealing cap.
 17. The container of claim 1, wherein a plurality of containers are packaged together along joined flanges that can be broken apart at perforations.
 18. The container of claim 17, wherein the plurality of containers are packaged in a six pack with breakable connector flanges between adjacent pluralities of connected containers.
 19. The container of claim 18, further comprising a shipping holder/merchandiser for holding during transit and display of plural six packs of said containers.
 20. The container of claim 1, further comprising embossed or graphic/printed matter displayed on an exterior surface of said container.
 21. The container of claim 1, further wherein the exterior surface is colorized.
 22. The container of claim 5, wherein the filling port comprises a sealing tube extending from the container comprising respective sealed together portions of said barrier film.
 23. The container of claim 22, wherein the sealing tube is cut off after the container is filled with a liquid and sealed.
 24. The container of claim 1, wherein the barrier film is disposed on concave interior portions of each of the first and second portions and attached to the concave portions by an electrostatic discharge or adhesive.
 25. The container of claim 1, wherein the film has folded in expansion bellows to allow it to conform to the concave portions.
 26. The container of claim 1, wherein the film barriers for each of the first and second portions are continuously fused together to form a liquid impermeable seal.
 27. The container of claim 26, wherein the film barriers for each of the first and second portions are also adhered to the flanges of the first and second portions.
 28. The container of claim 27, wherein the first and second portions are continuously adhered to the film barrier.
 29. The container of claim 28, wherein the first and second portions are intermittently adhered to the film barriers.
 30. The container of claim 16, wherein the screw on/off cap is made of a biodegradable material including a sealing liner for sealing to a closure fitment provided on said first and second portions.
 31. The container of claim 30, wherein the screw on/off cap has a plurality of indents to hold the liner in place.
 32. The container of claim 30, wherein said closure fitment is sealingly received on said first and second portions and has a screw thread for receiving the screw on/off cap.
 33. The container of claim 32, wherein the liner has thread portions to engage the threads on the closure fitment.
 34. The container of claim 33, wherein the liner bends at a right angle vertically along the side of the screw cap between indents so that said thread portions engage the threads on the closure fitment.
 35. A method for making a container for liquids comprising: forming a first portion forming an approximate half container portion; forming a second portion forming an approximate half container portion, the first and second portions having a generally convex exterior shape with flange portions along perimeters thereof; disposing a liquid impermeable barrier film on a concave interior portion of each of said first and second portions and extending onto said flange portions; sealing said first and second portions together at said flange portions to form a liquid impermeable container; and providing a location on said container for the disposition of a closure device to allow contents of the container, once filled, to be removed.
 36. The method of claim 35, further comprising sealing the barrier films disposed on the flange portions of each of said first and second portions together to seal the portions together.
 37. The method of claim 35, wherein the barrier films comprises separate barrier films that are fused together at the flange portion.
 38. The method of claim 35, wherein the step of disposing barrier films comprises disposing a pre-sealed fill pouch that fits between the first and second portions.
 39. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing a filling port in said container for filling said container with a liquid.
 40. The method of claim 39, further comprising providing the filling port between the two portions at a place between the flanges, and sealing the filling port after the liquid is filled into the container by fusing the barrier film on each flange portion together.
 41. The method of claim 35, wherein the barrier film comprises a polymer film or a polymer foil laminate.
 42. The method of claim 35, wherein the two portions are biodegradable.
 43. The method of claim 35, wherein the two portions are paper or bamboo.
 44. The method of claim 36, wherein the two portions are fused together by radio frequency heating, inductive heating or an adhesive.
 45. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing the closure device as a tear-off portion.
 46. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing the closure device as a screw on/off cap that fits onto a threaded neck of the container.
 47. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing a plurality of containers packaged together along joined flanges that can be broken apart at perforations.
 48. The method of claim 47, further comprising packaging the plurality of containers packaged in a six pack with breakable connector flanges between adjacent pluralities of connected containers.
 49. The method of claim 48, further comprising providing a shipping holder/merchandiser for holding during transit and display of plural six packs of said containers.
 50. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing embossed or graphic/printed matter displayed on an exterior surface of said container.
 51. The method of claim 39, further comprising providing the filling port as a sealing tube extending from the container comprising respective sealed together portions of said barrier film.
 52. The method of claim 51, further comprising cutting off the sealing tube after the container is filled with a liquid and sealed.
 53. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing the barrier film on concave inner surfaces of each of the first and second portions and attached to the concave surfaces by an electrostatic discharge or adhesive.
 54. The method of claim 35, further comprising providing the film with folded in expansion bellows to allow it to conform to the concave portion.
 55. The method of claim 35, further comprising continuously fusing the film barriers for each of the first and second portions together to form a liquid impermeable seal.
 56. The method of claim 55, wherein the film barriers for each of the first and second portions are also adhered to the flanges of the first and second portions.
 57. The method of claim 56, wherein the first and second portions are continuously adhered to the film barrier.
 58. The method of claim 57, wherein the first and second portions are intermittently adhered to the film barriers.
 59. The method of claim 46, wherein the screw on/off cap is made of a biodegradable material including a sealing liner for sealing to a closure fitment provided on said first and second portions. 